Imam An-Nawawi’s: Arbaciin Xadiith
Turjume: Cabdulcasiis Xasan Yacquub
Qore: Sheekh Cabdur-Raxmaan Xuseen Samatar
Fadlan halkaan waxaad ka Degsan kartaa ama aad ka Daabacan kartaa Arbaciin Nawwaawi oo Carabi keligii ah.
الأربعين النبوية
Sahabiyat: Hafsa Atikah Bint ‘Umar Al-Khattab (Raddiya Allahu Anhà)
(Female Companions of the Prophet Mohammad time)
Ḥafsa bint Umar (Arabic: حفصة بنت عمر بن الخطاب ; born c. 609[citation needed] – AH 45 (665/666) was the daughter of Umar (Umar ibn al-Khattab) and wife of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and therefore a Mother of the Believers.
Biography
She was married to Khunais ibn Hudhaifa, but became a widow when she was eighteen and according to Islamic tradition her father offered her hand to Abu Bakr and Uthman Ibn ‘Affan. They both refused to marry her.When her father, Umar, went to Muhammad to complain about their behavior, Muhammad replied, “Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will marry one better than Hafsa.”
Muhammad married her in 625 CE (4 AH). At the time of the marriage, Hafsa was around eighteen years old. With this marriage, Muhammad strengthened his ties to Umar, who now became his father-in-law.
According to Islamic tradition, Hafsa had memorized the Qur’an. The copy of Zayd ibn Thabit which was recorded by the instructions of Abu Bakr was given to Hafsa. Uthman Ibn ‘Affan, when he became Caliph, used Hafsa’s copy when he authorized a single text of the Qur’an to be designated.
Hafsa, may Allah be pleased with her, was the daughter of Umar ibn al Khattab. She had been married to someone else, but was widowed when she as still very young, only eighteen. Umar asked both Abu Bakr and Uthman ibn Affan, one after another, if they would like to marry her, but they both declined because they knew that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had expressed an interest in marrying her.
When Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to complain about their declining, the Prophet smiled, and said, “Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will marry one better than Hafsa.” Umar then realized that it was the Prophet was asking for her hand in marriage. He was overcome with delight as was Hafsa.
They were married just after the battle of Badr, when Hafsa was about twenty years old and the Prophet as fifty-six. By this marriage, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) strengthened the ties between two of his closest Companions, He was now married to the daughter of Abu Bakr A’isha, and to the daughter of Umar, Hafsa.
Two of the other closest Companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) were also connected to the Prophet through marriage. Uthman ibn Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) married Ruqayya, then daughter of the Prophet, in Mecca, and then, after her death in Medina, soon after the battle of Badr, he had married Umm Khulthum, also the daughter of the Prophet.
It was because he married two of the daughters of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that Uthman was given the title of Dhun Nurayn, which means ‘the possessor of two lights’. And Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) had married Fatima, the youngest daughter of the Prophet, shortly before the Prophet had married A’isha.
Hafsa, like A’isha with whom she became close friends, was never at a loss for words, and was not afraid to argue with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who was content to allow her to say what she thought.
One day, while speaking to Hafsa’s mother Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “I think I shall so and so.” Whereupon his wife replied, “But it would be better if you did such and such.” “Are you arguing with me, woman?” said Umar who was a fierce man who did not expect his wives to talk back at him. “Why not?” she answered. “Your daughter keeps arguing with the Messenger of Allah until she upsets him for the whole day.”
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) immediately put on his cloak and went directly to his daughter’s house. “Is it true that you argue with the Messenger of Allah?” he asked. “Indeed I do.” She replied. Umar was just about to chastise her for what he considered were bad manners, when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came into the room and would not allow him to even touch her. So Umar went round to visit Umm Salama, to whom Umar was related in order to try and influence Hafsa’s behavior through her.
“I wonder at you, Ibn Khattab,” Umm Salama said, after she had listened to him. “Will you interfere between the Messenger of Allah and his wives?” Sayiduna Umar when relating this incident, continued, “And she kept after me, advsing me until she made me give up much of what I thought was proper.”
The written copy of the Qur’an which was recorded by Zayd ibn Thabit, and which was then given to Umar for safekeeping, was then given by Umar to Hafsa to look after. When Uthman eventually became the khalif, he instructed that many copies of the Qur’an to be made so that they could be sent to the main centers of the now rapidly expanding Muslim empire, and it was the copy in Hafsa’s keeping that was used, after it had been meticulously checked for its accuracy by referring to all the other written records of the Qur’an and to all the Muslims who knew the Qur’an by heart.
Hafsa lived with the Prophet in Medina for eight years, may Allah bless him and grant him peace and lived on for another thirty four years after his death. She died in 47 AH at the age of sixty-three. May Allah be pleased with her.
“How wonderful is the affair of the believer, for his affairs are all good, and this applies to no one but the believer. If something good happens to him, he is thankful for it and that is good for him. If something bad happens to him, he bears it with patience and that is good for him.” (sahih muslim)
“Such is Allaah, your Lord in truth. So after the truth, what else can there be, except error? How then are you turned away?” [Yunus 10:32]
“Knowledge is a comforting friend in times of loneliness, it is the best companion during travels, and it is the inner friend who speaks to you in your privacy. Knowledge is the discerning proof of what is right and what is wrong, and it is the positive force that will help you surmount the trials of comfort, as well as those of hardships. Knowledge is your most powerful sword against your enemy, and finally, it is your most dignifying raiment in the company of your close companions.” Mu`adh ibn Jabal
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